设计模式-原型模式，介绍原型模式，及代码实现。
简介
原型模式用于创建重复的对象，同时又能保证性能，原型模式属于创建型模式。
分类
原型模式创建对象，可分为浅复制、深复制。
本文代码参考大话设计模式，即用java实现原型模式。需求：求职季，需要大量复制简历，这些简历大部分内容相同，可能有的简历有微微改动。
浅复制
浅复制是指：被复制对象的所有变量都含有与原来的对象相同的值，而所有的对其他对象的引用都仍然指向原来的对象。
代码实现
简历类
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public class Resume implements Cloneable, Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -4410449301166191440L;
private String name;
private String gender;
private int age;
private WorkExperience workExperience;
public Resume() {
workExperience = new WorkExperience();
}
public void display() {
System.out.println(this.getName() + " " + this.getGender() + " "
+ this.getAge() + "\n工作经历： "
+ this.getWorkExperience().getWorkDate() + " "
+ this.getWorkExperience().getWorkCompany());
}
@Override
public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
return super.clone();
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public Resume setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
return this;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public Resume setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
return this;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public Resume setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
return this;
}
public WorkExperience getWorkExperience() {
return workExperience;
}
public void setWorkExperience(String workDate, String workCompany) {
workExperience.setWorkDate(workDate);
workExperience.setWorkCompany(workCompany);
}
}
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工作经历类
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public class WorkExperience implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String workDate;
private String workCompany;
public String getWorkDate() {
return workDate;
}
public WorkExperience setWorkDate(String workDate) {
this.workDate = workDate;
return this;
}
public String getWorkCompany() {
return workCompany;
}
public WorkExperience setWorkCompany(String workCompany) {
this.workCompany = workCompany;
return this;
}
}
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客户端类
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public class PrototypeClient {
public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
Resume a = new Resume();
a.setName("lusiqi").setGender("男 ").setAge(25);
a.setWorkExperience("2016-2020, ", "XX公司");
Resume b = (Resume) a.clone();
b.setWorkExperience("2016-2020, ", "YY公司");
Resume c = (Resume) a.clone();
c.setWorkExperience("2016-2020, ", "ZZ公司");
System.out.println("**********浅度拷贝:");
a.display();
b.display();
c.display();
}
}
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结果：
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| **********浅度拷贝:
lusiqi 男 25
工作经历： 2016-2020, ZZ公司
lusiqi 男 25
工作经历： 2016-2020, ZZ公司
lusiqi 男 25
工作经历： 2016-2020, ZZ公司
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浅度拷贝只能复制值属性，引用属性都指向相同的对象。
深度复制
深度复制在复制对象的所有值变量的同时，也会把引用对象的变量值指向复制过来的新对象，而不是原有的被引用的对象。
代码用两种方式实现：
- 简历的引用属性也实现Cloneable接口，即在克隆简历对象的同时，也克隆简历对象的引用属性工作经历对象。从而完成深度复制。
- 通过对象序列化，将对象写入流内，从流内读出对象，实现深度拷贝。
代码实现
简历类
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public class Resume implements Cloneable, Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -4410449301166191440L;
private String name;
private String gender;
private int age;
private WorkExperience workExperience;
public Resume() {
workExperience = new WorkExperience();
}
public Resume(WorkExperience workExperience) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
this.workExperience = (WorkExperience)workExperience.clone();
}
public void display() {
System.out.println(this.getName() + " " + this.getGender() + " "
+ this.getAge() + "\n工作经历： "
+ this.getWorkExperience().getWorkDate() + " "
+ this.getWorkExperience().getWorkCompany());
}
@Override
public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
Resume obj = new Resume(this.workExperience);
obj.setAge(this.age);
obj.setGender(this.gender);
obj.setName(this.name);
return obj;
}
public Object deepClone() throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos);
oos.writeObject(this);
ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(
bos.toByteArray()));
return ois.readObject();
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public Resume setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
return this;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public Resume setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
return this;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public Resume setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
return this;
}
public WorkExperience getWorkExperience() {
return workExperience;
}
public void setWorkExperience(String workDate, String workCompany) {
workExperience.setWorkDate(workDate);
workExperience.setWorkCompany(workCompany);
}
}
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工作经历类
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public class WorkExperience implements Cloneable,Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String workDate;
private String workCompany;
public String getWorkDate() {
return workDate;
}
public WorkExperience setWorkDate(String workDate) {
this.workDate = workDate;
return this;
}
public String getWorkCompany() {
return workCompany;
}
public WorkExperience setWorkCompany(String workCompany) {
this.workCompany = workCompany;
return this;
}
@Override
public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
return super.clone();
}
}
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客户端类
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public class PrototypeClient {
public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException,
ClassNotFoundException, IOException {
Resume aResume = new Resume();
aResume.setName("lusiqi").setGender("男 ").setAge(25);
aResume.setWorkExperience("2016-2020, ", "XX公司");
Resume bResume = (Resume) aResume.clone();
bResume.setWorkExperience("2016-2020, ", "YY公司");
Resume cResume = (Resume) aResume.clone();
cResume.setWorkExperience("2016-2020, ", "ZZ公司");
Resume dResume = (Resume) aResume.deepClone();
dResume.setWorkExperience("2016-2020, ", "DD公司");
aResume.display();
bResume.display();
cResume.display();
dResume.display();
}
}
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结果：
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| lusiqi 男 25
工作经历： 2016-2020, XX公司
lusiqi 男 25
工作经历： 2016-2020, YY公司
lusiqi 男 25
工作经历： 2016-2020, ZZ公司
lusiqi 男 25
工作经历： 2016-2020, DD公司
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深度复制在复制对象的所有值变量的同时，也会把引用对象的变量值指向复制过来的新对象。
